🌐 WebSockets Implementation

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Duck makes WebSocket implementation simple and powerful 🔌.
Forget the boilerplate — with Duck you can add real-time features in just a few lines of code 🚀.

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⚡ Quick Example

In your urls.py, define a WebSocket view:

# urls.py

from duck.urls import path
from duck.contrib.websockets import WebSocketView, OpCode

class MyWebSocket(WebSocketView):
    async def on_open(self):
        print("WebSocket connection established")
        
    async def on_receive(self, data: bytes, opcode: int):
        if opcode == OpCode.TEXT:
            message = "You sent " + data.decode("utf-8")
            await self.send_text(message)
        else:
            # Handle binary frames here
            pass

# Register your WebSocket route
urlpatterns = [
    path("/ws/myws", MyWebSocket, name="mywebsocket"),
    # other patterns here.
]

✅ That’s it! Your app is now ready to handle WebSocket connections.

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⚙️ Customizing Behavior

Duck’s WebSocket views support configurable class variables:

• ⏱ RECEIVE_TIMEOUT → default: 120 seconds
  (timeout before expecting a new frame).

• 📦 MAX_FRAME_SIZE → default: 1 * 1024 * 1024 bytes
  (maximum allowed size of a frame).

Simply override these in your WebSocketView subclass to tweak performance.

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💬 Practical Examples

1️⃣ Simple Chat App

A minimal chat implementation that echoes messages back to all connected users.

from duck.contrib.websockets import WebSocketView, OpCode

connected_clients = set()

class ChatSocket(WebSocketView):
    async def on_open(self):
        connected_clients.add(self)
        await self.send_text("👋 Welcome to the chat!")

    async def on_receive(self, data: bytes, opcode: int):
        if opcode == OpCode.TEXT:
            message = data.decode("utf-8")
            # Broadcast to all connected clients
            for client in connected_clients:
                if client != self:
                    await client.send_text(f"User: {message}")

    async def on_close(self):
        connected_clients.remove(self)

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2️⃣ Live Notifications

Send server-initiated notifications to clients:

import asyncio
from duck.contrib.websockets import WebSocketView
from duck.utils.asyncio import create_task # Better than default asyncio.create_task

class NotificationSocket(WebSocketView):
    async def on_open(self):
        # Push notifications every 5 seconds
        create_task(self.push_notifications())

    async def push_notifications(self):
        count = 0
        while True:
            await asyncio.sleep(5)
            count += 1
            await self.send_text(f"🔔 Notification #{count}")

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✨ With Duck’s WebSocket support, you can build chat apps, live dashboards, multiplayer games, IoT streams, and more — all with async-native performance 🌐⚡

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👉 Next: Learn how async fits into the bigger picture with ⚡ ASGI or see how it plays with 🖥️ WSGI.